PostgreSQL MCP Server

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A Model Context Protocol (MCP) server that provides tools for interacting with a PostgreSQL database. It enables AI assistants to execute SQL queries, explain statements, create tables, and list database tables via the MCP protocol.

✨ Features

Interact with Databases via AI: Enables LLMs to perform database operations through a structured protocol.
Secure Toolset: Separates read and write operations into distinct, authorizable tools (read_query, write_query).
Schema Management: Allows for table creation (create_table) and listing (list_tables).
Query Analysis: Provides a tool to analyze query execution plans (explain_query).
Multiple Transport Modes: Supports stdio, Server-Sent Events (sse), and streamableHttp for flexible client integration.
Environment-Based Configuration: Easily configurable using a .env file.

🛠️ Available Tools

The server exposes the following tools for MCP clients to invoke:

| Tool Name | Description | Parameters |
| --------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| read_query | Executes a SELECT SQL query. | query (string, required): The SELECT statement to execute. |
| write_query | Executes an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE SQL query. | query (string, required): The INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE statement to execute. |
| create_table | Executes a CREATE TABLE SQL statement. | schema (string, required): The CREATE TABLE statement. |
| list_tables | Lists all user-created tables in the database. | schema (string, optional): The schema name to filter tables by. |
| explain_query | Returns the execution plan for a given SQL query. | query (string, required): The query to explain (must start with EXPLAIN).|

🚀 Quick Start

Prerequisites

- Go 1.23 or later
- A PostgreSQL database server

Installation

1. Clone the repository:

   git clone https://github.com/leixiaotian1/pgsql-mcp-server.git

   cd pgsql-mcp-server

   

2. Install dependencies:

   go mod download

   

3. Build the MCP server:

   go build -o pgsql-mcp-server

   

Configuration

The pg-mcp-server requires database connection details to be provided via environment variables. Create a .env file in the project root with the following variables:

DB_HOST=localhost      # PostgreSQL server host
DB_PORT=5432           # PostgreSQL server port
DB_NAME=postgres       # Database name
DB_USER=your_username  # Database user
DB_PASSWORD=your_pass  # Database password
DB_SSLMODE=disable     # SSL mode (disable, require, verify-ca, verify-full)
SERVER_MODE=stdio      # Server mode (stdio, sse, streamableHttp)

Usage

Running the Server

./pgsql-mcp-server

MCP Configuration

To use this server with an MCP-enabled AI assistant, add the following to your MCP configuration:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "pgsql-mcp-server": {
      "command": "/path/to/pgsql-mcp-server",
      "args": [],
      "env": {
        "DB_HOST": "localhost",
        "DB_PORT": "5432",
        "DB_NAME": "postgres",
        "DB_USER": "your_username",
        "DB_PASSWORD": "your_password",
        "DB_SSLMODE": "disable",
        "SERVER_MODE": "stdio"
      },
      "disabled": false,
      "autoApprove": []
    }
  }
}

DOCKER DEPLOYMENT

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<summary><strong>Click to expand Docker Deployment Guide</strong></summary>

Prerequisites

- Docker installed

Deployment Steps

1. Clone the project

    git clone https://github.com/leixiaotian1/pgsql-mcp-server.git

    cd pgsql-mcp-server

    

2. Configure .env file

Create a .env file in the project root directory. This file stores database connection information. Ensure the DB_HOST value matches the database container name you'll start later.

    DB_HOST=postgres

    DB_PORT=5432

    DB_NAME=postgres

    DB_USER=user

    DB_PASSWORD=password

    DB_SSLMODE=disable

    SERVER_MODE=sse

    

3. Create Docker network

To enable communication between the application container and database container, create a shared Docker network. This command only needs to run once.

    docker network create sql-mcp-network

    

4. Start PostgreSQL database container

Use this command to start a PostgreSQL container and connect it to our network.

> Note:
> - --name postgres: Container name, must exactly match the DB_HOST in your .env file.
> - --network sql-mcp-network: Connect to the shared network.
> - -p 5432:5432: Maps host's 5432 port to container's 5432 port. This means you can connect from your computer (e.g., using DBeaver) via localhost:5432, while the app container will access 5432 port directly through the internal network.

    docker run -d \
      --name postgres \
      --network sql-mcp-network \
      -e POSTGRES_USER=user \
      -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=password \
      -e POSTGRES_DB=postgres \
      -p 5432:5432 \
      postgres
    

5. Build and run the application

Now you can use commands from the Makefile to manage the application.

- Build image and run container:

      make build

      make run

      

- View application logs:

      make logs

      

- Stop the application:

      make stop

      

</details>

---

🔌 Server Modes

You can select the transport protocol by setting the SERVER_MODE environment variable.

stdio

The server communicates over standard input and output. This is the default mode and is ideal for local testing or direct integration with command-line-based MCP clients.

sse

The server communicates using Server-Sent Events (SSE). When this mode is enabled, the server will start an HTTP service and listen for connections.

SSE Endpoint: http://localhost:8088/sse
Message Endpoint: http://localhost:8088/message

streamableHttp

The server uses the Streamable HTTP transport, a more modern and flexible HTTP-based transport for MCP.

• Endpoint: http://localhost:8088/mcp

🤝 Contributing

Contributions are welcome! If you find any bugs, have feature requests, or suggestions for improvement, please feel free to submit a Pull Request or open an Issue.

1. Fork the Project.
2. Create your Feature Branch (git checkout -b feature/AmazingFeature).
3. Commit your Changes (git commit -m 'Add some AmazingFeature').
4. Push to the Branch (git push origin feature/AmazingFeature).
5. Open a Pull Request.

📄 License

This project is open source and is licensed under the MIT License.